Thomas E. Richner

Thomas E. Richner

Crew Information Gender: Male ♂ Job: Character layout artist Storyboard artist Animation timer Assistant director Status: Active Number of episodes: 113 Seasons active: Season 10 - 15, 29 - Present First short: Plusaversary Most recent short: Rogue Not Quite One First episode: "Homer to the Max" Most recent episode: "Guess Who's Coming to Skinner"

Thomas Emmett "Tom" Richner is an animator. He currently serves as a character layout artist, storyboard artist, and assistant director for The Simpsons and previously served as an animation timer.

Credits

Character layout

Episode – "Homer to the Max" Episode – "Make Room for Lisa" Episode – "Grift of the Magi" Episode – "Pygmoelian" Episode – "Day of the Jackanapes" Episode – "Simpson Safari" Episode – "I'm Goin' to Praiseland" Episode – "The Blunder Years" Episode – "Sweets and Sour Marge" Episode – "Blame It on Lisa" Episode – "Poppa's Got a Brand New Badge" Episode – "How I Spent My Strummer Vacation" Episode – "Bart vs. Lisa vs. the Third Grade" Episode – "The Great Louse Detective" Episode – "A Star Is Born Again" Episode – "Dude, Where's My Ranch?" Episode – "The Bart of War" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XIV" Episode – "'Tis the Fifteenth Season" Episode – "The Wandering Juvie" Episode – "Simple Simpson" Episode – "Bart-Mangled Banner" Episode – "Mr. Lisa's Opus" Episode – "Gone Boy" Episode – "Frink Gets Testy" Episode – "Lisa Gets the Blues" Episode – "Bart's Not Dead" Episode – "Heartbreak Hotel" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXIX" Episode – "Mad About the Toy" Episode – "E My Sports" Episode – "Bart vs. Itchy & Scratchy" Episode – "I'm Just a Girl Who Can't Say D'oh" Episode – "Crystal Blue-Haired Persuasion" Episode – "Go Big or Go Homer" Episode – "Gorillas on the Mast" Episode – "Marge the Lumberjill" Episode – "Todd, Todd, Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me?" Episode – "Hail to the Teeth" Episode – "Screenless" Episode – "Better Off Ned" Episode – "The Incredible Lightness of Being a Baby" Episode – "I, Carumbus" Episode – "The Road to Cincinnati" Episode – "The Dad-Feelings Limited" Episode – "The Man from G.R.A.M.P.A." Episode – "A Serious Flanders (Part 2)" Episode – "Boyz N the Highlands" Episode – "You Won't Believe What This Episode Is About – Act Three Will Shock You!" Episode – "Bart the Cool Kid" Episode – "My Octopus and a Teacher" Episode – "Marge the Meanie" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXXIII" Episode – "A Mid-Childhood Night's Dream" Episode – "Murder, She Boat" Episode – "Do the Wrong Thing" Episode – "Bart's Birthday" Episode – "The Man Who Flew Too Much" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXXVI" Special – Rogue Not Quite One

Additional timer

• Episode – "The Strong Arms of the Ma"

• Episode – "A Star Is Born Again"

• Episode – "The Bart of War"

• THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XIV"

Animation timer

• Episode – "Margical History Tour"

Lead character layout

Episode – "Fears of a Clown" Episode – "101 Mitigations" Episode – "Now Museum, Now You Don't" Episode – "The 7 Beer Itch" Episode – "A Springfield Summer Christmas for Christmas" Episode – "Yokel Hero" Episode – "Burger Kings" Episode – "Lisa's Belly" Episode – "A Made Maggie" Episode – "The Day of the Jack-Up" Episode – "Guess Who's Coming to Skinner"

Storyboard

Episode – "Werking Mom" Episode – "The Girl on the Bus" Episode – "E My Sports" Episode – "Gorillas on the Mast" Episode – "Marge the Lumberjill" Episode – "Warrin' Priests: Part One" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXXI" Episode – "The Wayz We Were" Episode – "A Serious Flanders (Part 2)" Episode – "Pixelated and Afraid" Episode – "Boyz N the Highlands" Episode – "The Sound of Bleeding Gums" Episode – "Poorhouse Rock" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXXIII" Episode – "From Beer to Paternity" Episode – "Step Brother from the Same Planet" Episode – "Game Done Changed" Episode – "My Life as a Vlog" Episode – "The Many Saints of Springfield" Episode – "Carl Carlson Rides Again" Episode – "Hostile Kirk Place" Episode – "Fan-ily Feud" Episode – "Clown V. Board of Education" Episode – "Homer's Adventures Through the Windshield Glass" Episode – "Thirst Trap: A Corporate Love Story" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror XXXIV" Episode – "It's a Blunderful Life" Episode – "Do the Wrong Thing" Episode – "Frinkenstein's Monster" Episode – "Lisa Gets an F1" Episode – "Night of the Living Wage" Episode – "The Tell-Tale Pants" Episode – "Bart's Brain" Episode – "The Yellow Lotus" THOH – "Treehouse of Horror Presents: Simpsons Wicked This Way Comes" Episode – "Convenience Airways" Episode – "Homer and Her Sisters" Episode – "O C'mon All Ye Faithful" Episode – "Bottle Episode" Episode – "The Past and the Furious" Episode – "The Flandshees of Innersimpson" Episode – "P.S. I Hate You" Episode – "Stew Lies" Episode – "Full Heart, Empty Pool" Episode – "Men Behaving Manly" Episode – "The Day of the Jack-Up" Special – Plusaversary Special – Welcome to the Club Special – Feliz Navidad

Storyboard revisions

• Episode – "I'm Dancing as Fat as I Can"

Additional storyboards

• Episode – "The Fat Blue Line"

• Episode – "I, Carumbus"

Character design

• Episode – "I, Carumbus"

Assistant director

• Episode – "Men Behaving Manly"

Consultant

• Video game – The Simpsons Game

External links

• Thomas E. Richner at the Internet Movie Database
• Thomas E. Richner at Twitter

Animation timers

Current animation timers Bob Anderson • Carlton Batten • Scott Brutz • Acacia Caputo • Ray Claffey • Hunilla Fodor • Doug Gallery • Sam Im • Robert Ingram • Karen Carnegie Johnson • Adam Kuhlman • Esther H. Lee • Mike Frank Polcino • Larry Smith • Cyndi Tang Former animation timers Neil Affleck • Scott Alberts • Mike B. Anderson • Timothy Bailey • Jackie Banks • David Bastian • Dean Bauer • Dave Brian • Patrick Buchanan • Rick Bugental • Mark Bykov • Shaun Cashman • George S. Chialtas • Lee Crowe • Eric Daniels • Susan Dietter • Michael Dante DiMartino • Holly du Rivage • Jack Dyer • John Dyer • Mark Ervin • Istvan Fellner • Sarah Frost • Richard Gasparian • Nichole Graham • Milton Gray • Paul Gruwell • Klay Hall • Younghee Higa • Peter Hixson • Jeff Howard • Ben Jones • Jen Kamerman • Andi Klein • Lance Kramer • William Kulhman • Grant Lee • Jon Lopez • Chris Loudon • Randy Ludensky • Jeffrey Lynch • Lauren MacMullan • Henry Madden • Michael Marcantel • Tom Mazzocco • Gary McCarver • Jeff McGrath • Emily Michels • Pete Michels • Lee Mishkin • James O'Brien • Howy Parkins • Brenda Piluso • Dominic Polcino • Sherie Pollack • Lindsey Pollard • James Purdum • Thomas E. Richner • Jeremy Robinson • Christian Roman • Brian Sheesley • Chuck Sheetz • Peter Shin • Pat Shinagawa • Alan Smart • Steve Socki • William Tucker • Celeste Williams Other animation timers Jerilyn Sedgewick Blair • Craig Elliott • Sylvia Keulen • Christine Smith Timing directors Neil Affleck • Patrick Buchanan • Ray Claffey • Jack Dyer • Doug Gallery • Richard Gasparian • Peter Hixson • Robert Ingram • Adam Kuhlman • Frank Marino • Maureen Mlynarczyk • Pat Shinagawa • Larry Smith • Steve Socki

Assistant directors

Current assistant directors Oscar Cervantes • Chris Clements • Manny DeGuzman • Matthew Faughnan • Yelena Geodakyan • Debbie Bruce Mahan • Oscar Pangestu • Thomas E. Richner • Dane Romley • Herman Sharaf • Shane K. Sowell • Debbie J. Spafford • Toni Tysen Former assistant directors Neil Affleck • Edwin E. Aguilar • Bob Anderson • Mike B. Anderson • Norman P. Auble • Carlos Baeza • Orlando Baeza • Timothy Bailey • David Bastian • David Blum • Scott Brutz • Shaun Cashman • Christianna Lang Daley • Susan Dietter • Mark Ervin • Jess Espanola • Hunilla Fodor • Jonathan Gebhart • Pete "Kid Flash" Gomez • Klay Hall • Matthew Herbert • Sean Hobin • Brian Iles • Jen Kamerman • Lance Kramer • Nancy Kruse • Ben Lane • Davy Lauterbach • Grant Lee • Ely Lester • Chris Loudon • Michael Ludy • Richard Manginsay • Michael Marcantel • Tom Mazzocco • Pete Michels • Jennifer Moeller • Steven Dean Moore • Matthew Nastuk • James O'Brien • Shannon O'Connor • Rob Oliver • Howy Parkins • Raymond S. Persi • Dominic Polcino • Mike Frank Polcino • James Purdum • Alex Que • Jim Reardon • Stephen Reis • Jeremy Robinson • Eddie Rosas • Alex Ruiz • Matthew Schofield • Swinton O. Scott III • Chuck Sheetz • Alan Smart • Steve Socki • Ralph Sosa • Ethan Spaulding • Josh Taback • Cyndi Tang • Tommy Tejeda • Erick T. Tran • Paul Wee • Thomas Woodall • Kathy Zielinski Other assistant directors Colin Heck • Eric Koenig • Drew McPhail • Michael Rundle • Art Seidel • Gregg Vanzo

Character designers

Current character designers Pete "Kid Flash" Gomez • Sam Grinberg • Matt Groening • Dale Hendrickson • Eric S. Keyes • Debbie Bruce Mahan • Kevin M. Newman • Shannon O'Connor • Ernie Ochoa • Rob Oliver • Dane Romley • Sam Simon* • Tommy Tejeda • Reza Zabardast Former character designers Edwin E. Aguilar • Scott Alberts • Sean Applegate • Norman P. Auble • Timothy Bailey • Brad Bird • Darrel Bowen • Seth Cooper • Jarod Daetwiler • Matthew Faughnan • Istvan Fellner • Hunilla Fodor • Frederick J. Gardner III • Lucas Gray • Dan Haskett • Ken Hayashi Jr • John Holmquist • Mark Howard • Richard Manginsay • Drew McPhail • Nath Milburn • Jennifer Moeller • Kevin N. Moore • Rich Moore • Carlos Ortega • Phil Ortiz • Chuck Puntuvatana • John Rice • Thomas E. Richner • Matthew Schofield • Jiuwell Sunzhou • Joe Wack • José Zelaya Other character designers Ed Acosta • Mick Cassidy • Shannon Denton • Jorge R. Gutierrez • K. Nakajima • Sharon Ross • David Silverman • Spiker Monster • Yasushi Takano • Noriyuki Yokoki

Character layout artists

Current character layout artists Jung A Anderson • Michael Edwin Atniel • Norman P. Auble • Timothy Bailey • Jody Brooks • Oscar Cervantes • Greg Checketts • Joung Kyu Choi • Gabriel DeFrancesco • Manny DeGuzman • Lejon Douroux • Adam Dykstra • Jeanne Erickson • Luis Escobar • Natalie J. Fosdick • Yelena Geodakyan • Steven Pierre Gordon • Colin Heck • Matthew Herbert • Daniela Hoyos • Alexander Jenson • Geoffrey Johnson • Jeff Johnson • Karen Carnegie Johnson • Eric Koenig • Lance Kramer • Tina Kügler • Christianna Lang Daley • Eric Lara • Anna Latzer • Davy Lauterbach • Ely Lester • Michael Ludy • Tom Madrid, Jr. • Debbie Bruce Mahan • Tanja Majerus • Andy Manley • Maeve McGrath • Drew McPhail • Mary O. Natale • Tuan Nguyen • Rob Oliver • Oscar Pangestu • Lena Podesta • Silvia Pompei • Alex Que • Arlyne Ramirez • Nik Ranieri • Thomas E. Richner • Ryan Rivette • Jeremy Robinson • Dustin Romero • Dane Romley • Eddie Rosas • Rick Salonga • Herman Sharaf • Jiyoon Shin • Kamoon Song • Ralph Sosa • Shane K. Sowell • Debbie J. Spafford • Michael Tran • Toni Tysen • Paul Wee Former character layout artists Brad Ableson • John Achenbach • Albert Acosta • Edwin E. Aguilar • Victor E. Almaguer • Bob Anderson • Mike B. Anderson • Tony Anselmo • John Aoshima • Martin Archer • Craig Armstrong • Stephanie Arnett • Marcos Asprec • Orlando Baeza • Brenda Banks • Tibor Belay • Anthony Bell • John Berado • Sue Bielenberg • Mark Borok • Jeannette Bose • Scott Brutz • Tricia Buchanan-Benson • Rufino Camacho • Nathan Cash • Shaun Cashman • Kendis Chase • Shavonne Cherry • Moon Choi • Utit Choomuang • Craig Clark • Jeff Clark • Chris Clements • Liz Climo • Casey Coffey • Mark Colangelo • Pam Cooke • Tom Coppola • Noel Cox • Caroline Cruikshank • Kirin Daughtery • Tim Decker • Gavin Dell • Susan Dietter • Francis Dinglasan • Orlando Distor • Arthur Ebuen • Ernesto Elicanal • Mark Ervin • Jess Espanola • Dante Fabiero • Matthew Faughnan • Istvan Fellner • Bonnie Fishbon • Julia "Fitzy" Fitzmaurice • Hunilla Fodor • Mike Fontanelli • Julie Forte • Sandra Frame • Bryan Francis • Cynthia French • Adriana Galvez • Philip Garcia • Raul Garcia • Tricia Garcia • Frederick J. Gardner III • Jonathan Gebhart • Brett Gehrs • Ed Ghertner • Neal Goldstein • Pete "Kid Flash" Gomez • Roger Gonzales • Joshua David Gorczyca • Gordon Stanfield Animation • Lucas Gray • Orlando Gumatay • Ted Hanik • Mary Hanley • Joe Healy • Lynne Healy • Krystal Hernandez • Seth Hippen • Bill Ho • Jennie Hoffer • James Huang • Chris Huicochea • Brian Iles • Kelly Spencer James • Ray Johnson, Jr. • Jen Kamerman • Mark Kausler • Seth Kearsley • Ernest Keen • Dean Kelly • Celia Kendrick • Eric S. Keyes • Andy Kim • S.J. Kim • Sooan Kim • Andi Klein • Bert Klein • Julianna Korsborn • Nancy Kruse • Jeff LaFlamme • Ben Lane • Phil Langone • Boowan Lee • Grant Lee • Ashley Lenz • Bob Logan • Jon Lopez • Miguel Lopez • Chris Loudon • Greg Lovell • Matt Luhn • Jeffrey Lynch • Jason Magness • Istvan Majoros • Maryann Malcomb • Anna Maltese • Richard Manginsay • Tammy Manis • Matt Mantel • Michael Marcantel • James Marquez • John Mathot • Ted Mathot • Linda McCall • Gary McCarver • Steve Mealue • Andre Medina • Emily Michels • Pete Michels • Noah Miller • Chris Moeller • Jennifer Moeller • Leo Moran • Jeanette Moreno King • Mike Morris • Sarge Morton • Erik Moxcey • Jeff Myers • Kimberly Narsete • Matthew Nastuk • Joey Nilges • James O'Brien • Shannon O'Connor • Eduardo Olivares • Eric Oliver • Kenji Ono • Tyler Pagan • Howy Parkins • Sanjay Patel • John Pearson • Jack Perkins • Raymond S. Persi • Jeff Pidgeon • Dominic Polcino • Mike Frank Polcino • Michael Polvani • Teresa Potter-Heimark • Dan Povenmire • Julius Preite • Natasha Presler-Wicke • James Purdum • Chance Raspberry • Bill Recinos • Dexter Reed • Jordan Reichek • Stephen Reis • Jay Robinson • Art Roman • Christian Roman • Sondra Roy • Aaron Rozenfeld • Alex Ruiz • Fill Marc Sagadraca • David Salvador • Alberto Santiago • Sydney Sata • Matthew Schofield • Andy Schuhler • Melody Severns • Peter Shin • Tony Siruno • Kevin M. Smith • Steve Smith • Ethan Spaulding • Julie Spencer • Eric Stefani • Aimee Steinberger • Jennifer Stillwell • Charlotte Stout • Joshua Taback • Betty Tang • Cyndi Tang • Lewis Tate • Noel Taylor • Tommy Tejeda • Gary Terry • Erick T. Tran • Elan Trinidad • Tuck Tucker • Bob Tyler • Brad Vandergrift • Gregg Vanzo • Viorel Voronca • Dusty Wakefield • Jason D. Warnesky • Mark Watts • JC Wegman • Brian Wells • Tom Winkler • Byun Kwang Won • Anthony Wong • Thomas Woodall • Glen Wuthrich • Tomihiro Yamaguchi • Gary Yap • Jung-A Yoo • Young Yoo • Jordan Young • Kathy Zielinski One time character layout artists Scott Alberts • Charles Alleneck • Ed Bell • Brad Bird • Clint Bond • Ian Chen • Kevin Davis • Eric Elder • Marvin Ervin • Brad Forbush • Steve Garcia • Klay Hall • Sam Ho • Jeff Howard • Chris Hubbard • Nora Johnson • Jason Katz • Jang Woo Lee • Derek Lestrange • Jeff "Swampy" Marsh • Bob Miller • Chris Mitchell • Angel Pastrana • Charles Ragins • Marc Ratner • Christopher Reccardi • Domingo Rivera • Stephen Robertson • Amy Rychlick • Ericka Schwartz • Elaina Scott • Alan Smart • Chad Stewart • Matt Sullivan • Eric Thomas • Janice Tolentino • Arthur Valencia • Jim Van der Keyl • Barry Vodos • Dave Warren • Celia Weiss Other character layout artists Ivaylo Anguelov • David Au • Abe Audish • Matthias Bauer • Wayne Carlisi • Roberto Casale • Kathi Castillo • Rick Farmiloe • Mike Girard • Rick Hoppe • Jay Jackson • Cathy Jones • Megan Kelly • Craig Kemplin • Jiwook Kim • Erik Kuska • Lois Lee • Joseph Lowe • Carlos Lutterbach • Leonardo Matsuda • Frank Molieri • Steven Muller • David Nam • Phillip Pignotti • Chris Rutkowski • David Silverman • Chris Minki Song • Mike Swofford • Derek Thompson • Kurt Vanzo • Franz Vischer • William Waldman

Storyboard artists and Storyboard revisionists

Current storyboard artists John Achenbach • Norman P. Auble • Timothy Bailey • Susan Dietter • Lucas Gray • Eric Koenig • Ben Lane • Matt Mantel • Whitney B. Martin • Steven Dean Moore • Arlyne Ramirez • Stephen Reis • Thomas E. Richner • Jeremy Robinson • Matthew Schofield • Ralph Sosa • Michael Tran Former storyboard artists Brad Ableson • Neil Affleck • Edwin E. Aguilar • Scott Alberts • Bob Anderson • Mike B. Anderson • Martin Archer • Wes Archer • Bob Arkwright • Peter Avanzino • Carlos Baeza • Orlando Baeza • David Bastian • Rudi Berden • Brad Bird • Tim Burgard • Kent Butterworth • Barry Caldwell • Shaun Cashman • Shawna Cha • Bev Chapman • Chris Clements • Vic Cook • Dave Cunningham • Gabriel DeFrancesco • Francis Dinglasan • Ralph Eggleston • John Eng • Mark Ervin • Luis Escobar • Dante Fabiero • Matthew Faughnan • Julia "Fitzy" Fitzmaurice • Steven Fonti • Bryan Francis • Gavin Freitas • Tricia Garcia • Gary Graham • Klay Hall • Colin Heck • Matthew Herbert • Jon Hooper • Mark Howard • Kelly Spencer James • Karen Carnegie Johnson • Ray Johnson, Jr. • Mike Kazaleh • Celia Kendrick • Mark Kirkland • Lance Kramer • Nancy Kruse • Adam Kuhlman • Grant Lee • Glen Lovell • Greg Lovell • Jeffrey Lynch • Lauren MacMullan • Michael Marcantel • Steven Markowski • Lila Martinez • John Mathot • Ted Mathot • Drew McPhail • Roy Meurin • Bob Miller • Chris Moeller • Jennifer Moeller • Rich Moore • Mike Morris • Erik Moxcey • Raymie Muzquiz • Jeff Myers • Matthew Nastuk • Kevin O'Brien • Michael O'Connor • Rob Oliver • Raymond S. Persi • Dominic Polcino • Dan Povenmire • Jim Reardon • Dexter Reed • John Rice • Jerry Richardson • Christian Roman • Eddie Rosas • David Salvador • David Schwartz • Swinton O. Scott III • Ira Sherak • Shane K. Sowell • Cyndi Tang • Vincenzo Trippetti • William Tucker • Adam Van Wyk • Gregg Vanzo • Jason D. Warnesky • Glen Wuthrich • Tomihiro Yamaguchi Other storyboard artists Dominic Bianchi • Rufino Camacho • Oscar Cervantes • Gus Cosio • Guy Davis • Manny DeGuzman • Shannon Denton • Edmund Fong • Cynthia French • Joshua David Gorczyca • Orlando Gumatay • Joe Healy • Boowan Lee • Will Lee • Mary O. Natale • Lena Podesta • Kaley Powers • Dane Romley • Stephen Sandoval • Cole Shortt • Mike Smith • Tom Smith • Aaron Sowd • Dusty Wakefield • Matt Whitlock • Jung-A Yoo Current storyboard revisionists John Achenbach • Luis Escobar • Ben Lane • Grant Lee • Matt Mantel • Michael Marcantel • Whitney B. Martin • Arlyne Ramirez • Michael Tran Former storyboard revisionists Brad Ableson • Edwin E. Aguilar • Scott Alberts • Bob Anderson • Mike B. Anderson • Martin Archer • Norman P. Auble • Peter Avanzino • Orlando Baeza • Timothy Bailey • David Bastian • Rudi Berden • Oscar Cervantes • Shawna Cha • Bev Chapman • Chris Clements • Liz Climo • Christianna Lang Daley • Gabriel DeFrancesco • Susan Dietter • Jeanne Erickson • Mark Ervin • Matthew Faughnan • Gavin Freitas • Tricia Garcia • Pete "Kid Flash" Gomez • Lucas Gray • Ken Harsha • Colin Heck • Chris Huicochea • Kelly Spencer James • Geoffrey Johnson • Karen Carnegie Johnson • Jen Kamerman • Eric Koenig • Lance Kramer • Nancy Kruse • Adam Kuhlman • Greg Lovell • Jeffrey Lynch • Lauren MacMullan • Bryan Maille • Lila Martinez • John Mathot • Drew McPhail • Bob Miller • Steven Dean Moore • Mike Morris • Raymie Muzquiz • Jeff Myers • Kevin O'Brien • Shannon O'Connor • Rob Oliver • Audu Paden • Howy Parkins • Dan Povenmire • Norman Quebedeau • Stephen Reis • Jerry Richardson • Thomas E. Richner • Jeremy Robinson • Christian Roman • Sondra Roy • Matthew Schofield • Ira Sherak • Ralph Sosa • Shane K. Sowell • Ethan Spaulding • Cyndi Tang • Tommy Tejeda • Erick T. Tran • Jason D. Warnesky • JC Wegman • Celia Weiss • Glen Wuthrich Other storyboard revisionists Wincat Alcala • Ivaylo Anguelov • Perfecto Badillo • Young Baek • Rob Bou-Saab • David Boudreau • Kristina Bustamante • Won Ki Cho • Louis C. Gallegos • Mike Kim • Dante Leandado • Joseph Lee • Erik Moxcey • Michael Narren • Debbie Shin • Paul Wee • Stephen Wong • Julius Wu Storyboard assistants Martin Archer • Mark Ervin • Tricia Garcia • Ray Johnson, Jr. • Steven Markowski • Kevin O'Brien • Howy Parkins • John Rice • Bill Riling Storyboard consultants Mike B. Anderson • Jim Reardon • David Silverman Storyboard supervisors Steven Dean Moore • Kevin O'Brien • Christian Roman